Self-Cleaning Ability of Pollutants Containing Nitrogen and Phosphorus Transformed into NH4+, NO2-, NO3-, PO43-, of SonLa Hydropower Reservoir
Main Article Content
Abstract
The waste source containing nitrogen (N) and organic phosphorus (P) into the hydropower reservoir will be transformed into pollutants NH4+, NO2-, NO3-, PO43-. Son La hydropower reservoir has an area of 225 km2 of water surface and 10,850 km2 of water supply basin for electricity generation, Son La hydroelectricity plant and dam, which is particularly important in terms of socio-economic and national conditions, room, security. Using the method of calculating emissions with appropriate coefficients, 10.323 tons of nitrogen / year and 5.454 tons of phosphorus / year were added to the lake in 2019 through the data of population, livestock, fish cages, farming. Semi-submerged agriculture, depositing air into the lake. Applying the method of calculating the self-cleaning capacity of hydropower reservoirs through the results of determining the total main pollutants in the catchment tons N/P, the concentration of main pollutants in the water input and out of the lake, the concentration catchment pollutant (mg/L), basin pollutant input (tons / day), hydraulic retention time. Thereby, the Son La hydropower reservoir self-cleaning 8,117 tons / year with pollutants of groups NH4+, NO2-, NO3-, PO43-, specifically a volume of 2,756 million m3 and 16 days to save water. 1,224 tons were cleaned, a capacity of 6,504 million m3 with 37 days to save water, the lake cleaned 2,856 tons, a capacity of 9,266 million m3, and a retention time was 52 days, the lake cleaned 4,037 tons.
Keywords:
self-cleaning, pollutant, nitrogen, phosphorus, NH4 ,NO2-, NO3-, PO43-, hydropower reservoir, Son La.
References
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[3] N.T. Loan, T.V. Thuy, Applied ecology syllabus, Publishing House of Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 2015 (in Vietnamese).
[4] World Health Organization, IMO/FAO/UNESCO/ WMO/WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution (GESAMP: report of the sixteenth session, London. https:// https://apps.who.int/iris/ handle/10665/62801/2019(accessed 16 October 2019).
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[22] The People’s Committee Muongla district, Quynhnhai district, Muonglay town, Namnhun district, Tourism Development Report period 2013 – 2019 (in Vietnamese).
[23] The People’s Committee Muongla district, Quynhnhai district, Muonglay town, Namnhun district, Report on the implementation of fisheries development tasks in the period of 2013-2019 (in Vietnamese).
[24] Report on the results of socio-economic development, national defense and security development in the period of 2013 - 2019, the People’s Committee of 38 communes have wetland of son la hydropower reservoir (in Vietnamese).
[25] World Health Organization, Assesment of Sources of air, water and land pollution, Geneva. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/58750/,2019 (accessed 16 October 2019).
[26] L.V. Can, Handbook of fertilizer, Publishing House of Liberation, Ho Chi Minh City, 1975 (in Vietnamese).
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[32] P.F. Jillian, A. Nicholas Mailloux1, C. David Love, C. Michael Milli1 and Ling Cao “Feed conversion efficiency in aquaculture: do we measure it correctly?”, Environmental Research Letters. 13 (2018) 1-9. https://doi.org/10.10.1088/1748-9326/ aaa273.
[33] T. Sikor, N.P. Tuyen, J. Sowerwine, J. Romm, Opening Boundaries: Upland transformations in Vietnam, NUS Press, Singapore, 2011.
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