Evaluation of growth and bioactive compositions of Vietnamese ginseng (Panax vietnamensis) cultivated in Quang Nam
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Abstract
In this study, we assessed the effect of growing time on growth and the ability to accumulate major saponin-ginsenoside components in different parts (underground and aerial parts) of Vietnamese ginseng (VNG) cultivated in Nam Tra My district (Quang Nam province). The results showed that VNG trees developed along with planting time (2-6 years) and the speed of growing increased obviously at the fourth year . The total saponin content of the underground part raised with the time of planting with high accumulation (from 5,23% đến 13,88% after 2-6 years) and was significantly higher than in the aerial part (at 2.51-3.61% and not much change over the time). The Rg1, Rb1, Rd ingredients were discovered throughout the VNG plants but were higher content in the underground part (reached 2,04%, 2,56% and 1,72% after 6 years of cultivation, respectively) and the Rb1 was the main content in the aerial part (1.15-1.4%) but the Rg1, Rd were little (less than 0,15%). The Re constituent was not detected in the aerial part and was very low in the underground part (under 0.05%). The MR2 component (specific for SVN) was also not detected in the aerial part but was quite high in the underground part with the content of 2.23%, 3.26%, 4.54%, 5.75% and 5.23% respectively after 2-6 years of planting. In terms of the weight as well as the content of bioactive ingredients, VNS trees can be harvested as medicinal materials after 5 years of cultivation.
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