Factors Affecting the Output Signal of the Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on Chicken Egg Yolk Antibody for Detecting Newcastle Disease Virus

Abstract

In this study, the electrochemical immunosensor for detecting Newcastle disease virus using the chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY) was developed. The developed immunosensor was built into a three-electrode system consisting of two gold electrodes (a working electrode and a counter electrode) and a quasi-reference Ag/AgCl electrode. The IgY antibodies against Newcastle disease virus were immobilized on the working electrode (immunosensor) and the effect of the antibody concentration and virus incubation time on the output signal of the immunosensors was investigated. The investigation results show that when the antibody concentration was 60 µg/mL and the virus incubation time was 1 hour, the output signal of the immunosensors reached its maximum value (∆I_peak = 0.1602). The detection limit of the sensors was 10² EID50/mL (EID50: 50% Empryo Infective Dose) at 25 ^oC. There was a good linear relationship between the ∆I_peak and the logarithm of the virus Newcastle concentration in the range from 10² to 10⁶ EID50/mL. The linear equation is ∆I_peak = 0.0280logN – 0.00368 with the correlation coefficient of R² = 0.9972.