Synthesis of HoFeO3 Nanomaterials by Citric Acid Sol-gel Method
Main Article Content
Abstract
In this study, HoFeO3 nanomaterials with very small particle sizes (< 50 nm) were synthesized using citric acid sol-gel method through hydrolysis of Ho3+ and Fe3+ cations in hot water. Single-phase HoFeO3 was generated after calcination of the as-prepared powder at 750 and 850°C during 1 hour. The UV-Vis spectra at room temperature presented strong areas absorption in the range of 300 ÷ 600 nm with small band gap energy (Eg = 1.93÷2.25 eV). The obtained HoFeO3 nanomaterials exhibited a soft ferromagnetic behaviour with a magnetic coercivity of 33.2 OE.
Keywords:
HoFeO3, nanomaterials, optical properties, magnetic properties, sol-gel method.
References
[1] V.I. Popkov, E.A. Tugova, A.K. Bachina, O.V. Almjasheva, The formation of nanocrystalline orthoferrites of rare-earth elements XFeO3 (X = Y, La, Gd) via heat treatment of co-precipitated hydroxides, Russ. J. Gen. Chem. 87 (2017) 2516-2524. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1070363217110020.
[2] Zh.-Qi. Wang, Ya.-Sh. Lan, Zh.-Yi. Zeng, X-R. Chen, Q-.-F. Chen, Magnetic structures and optical properties of rare-earth orthoferrites RFeO3 (R = Ho, Er, Tm and Lu), Solid State Commun. 288 (2019) 10-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2018. 11.004.
[3] O. Opuchovic, G. Kreiza, J. Senvaitiene, K. Kazlauskas, A. Beganskiene, A. Kareiva, Sol-gel synthesis, characterization and application of selected sub-microsized lanthanide (Ce, Pr, Nd, Tb) ferrites, Dyes Pigments 118 (2015) 176-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.03.017.
[4] C. Sasikala, N. Durairaj, I. Baskaran, B. Sathyaseelan, M. Henini, Transition metal titanium (Ti) doped LaFeO3 nanoparticles for enhanced optical structure and magnetic properties, J. Alloy. Compd. 712 (2017) 870-877. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.133.
[5] D.T.A. Thu, H.T. Giang, D.H. Manh, N.N. Toan, Study on the preparation of gas sensing material LaFeO3 by sol-gel method using citrate ion as ligand and used in ethanol sensor, VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology 26 (2010) 36-43.
[6] I.S. Kondrashkova, K.D. Martinson, N.V. Zakharova, V.I. Popkov, Synthesis of nanocrystalline HoFeO3 photocatalyst via heat treatment of products of glycine-nitrate combustion, Russ. J. Gen. Chem. 88 (2018) 2465-2471. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1070363218120022.
[7] Z. Habib, K. Majid, M. Ikram, Kh. Sultan, Influence of Ni substitution at B-site for Fe3+ ions on morphological, optical, and magnetic properties of HoFeO3 ceramics, Appl. Phys. A 122 (2016) 550. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-016-0082-z.
[8] A.J. Deotale, R.V. Nandedkar, Correlation between particle size, strain and band gap of iron oxide nanoparticles, Mater. Today- Proc. 3 (2016) 2069-2076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2016. 04.110.
[9] B.D. Cullity, C.D. Graham, Introduction to Magnetic Materials, Second ed., A John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey, 2009.
[10] T.D. Hien, L.T. Tai, Magnetism and magnetic materials, Bach Khoa Publishing House, Ha Noi, 2016. (in Vietnamese)
[11] N.A. Tien, I.Ya. Mittova, M.V. Knurova, V.O. Mittova, N.T.M. Thu, H.T.N. Bich, Sol-gel preparation and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline lanthanum ferrite, Russ. J. Gen. Chem. 84 (2014), 1261-1264. https://doi.org/ 10.1134/S1070363214070020.
[12] T.A. Nguyen, V. Pham, T.L. Pham, L.T.Tr. Nguyen, I.Ya. Mittova, V.O. Mittova, L.N. Vo, B.T.T. Nguyen, V.X. Bui, E.L. Viryutina, Simple synthesis of NdFeO3 by the co-precipitation method based on a study of thermal behaviors of Fe (III) and Nd (III) hydroxides, Crystals 10 (2020) 219. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst10030219.
[13] T.A. Nguyen, V.N.T. Pham, H.T. Le, D.H. Chau, V.O. Mittova, L.T.Tr. Nguyen, D.A. Dinh, T.V.N. Hao, I.Ya. Mittova, Crystal structure and magnetic properties of LaFe1-xNixO3 nanomaterials prepared via a simple co-precipitation method, Ceram. Int. 45 (2019) 21768-21772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ceramint.2019.07.178.
[14] A.T. Nguyen, Vinh N.T. Pham, T.Tr.L. Nguyen, V.O. Mittova, Q.M. Vo, M.V. Berezhnaya, I.Ya. Mittova, Tr.H. Do, H.D. Chau, Crystal structure and magnetic properties of perovskite YFe1-xMnxO3 nanopowders synthesized by co-precipitation method, Solid State Sci. 96 (2019) 105922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences. 2019.06.011.
[15] L.M. Dai, D.N. Nhiem, D.K. Trung, Synthesis of LaFeO3 perovskite nanostructures by gel combustion method and application as catalytic for CO oxidation reaction, Journal of Chemistry 50 (2012) 140-143. (in Vietnamese).
[16] Zh. Zhou, L. Guo, H. Yang, Q. Liu, F. Ye, Hydrothermal synthesis and magnetic properties of multiferroic rare-earth orthoferrites, J. Alloy. Compd. 583 (2014) 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jallcom.2013.08.129.
[17] N. Ghobadi, Band gap determination using absorption spectrum fitting procedure, International Nano Letters 3 (2013) 2. https://link. springer.com/article/10.1186/2228-5326-3-2.
[18] T.A. Nguyen, L.T.Tr. Nguyen, V.X. Bui, D.H.T. Nguyen, H.D. Lieu, L.M.T. Le, V. Pham, Optical and magnetic properties of HoFeO3 nanocrystals prepared by a simple co-precipitation method using ethanol, J. Alloy. Compd. 834 (2020) 155098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020. 155098.
[19] T. Peisong, X. Xinyu, Ch. Haifeng, L. Chunyan, D. Yangbin, Synthesis of nanoparticulate PrFeO3 by sol-gel method and its visible-light photocatalytic activity, Ferroelectrics 546 (2019) 181-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/00150193.2019.1592470.
[20] S.N. Tijare, S. Bakardjieva, J. Subrt, M.V. Joshi, S.S. Rayalu, S. Hishita, N. Labhsetwar, Synthesis and visible light photocatalytic activity of nanocrystalline PrFeO3 perovskite for hydrogen generation in ethanol-water system, J. Chem. Sci. 126 (2014) 517-525. https://doi.org/10.1007/s 12039-014-0596-x.
[21] S. Phokha, S. Pinitsoontorn, S. Maensiri, S. Rujirawat, Structure, optical and magnetic properties of LaFeO3 nanoparticles prepared by polymerized complex method, J. Sol-Gel Sci. Techn. 71 (2014) 333-341. https://link.springer. com/article/10.1007/s10971-014-3383-8.
[2] Zh.-Qi. Wang, Ya.-Sh. Lan, Zh.-Yi. Zeng, X-R. Chen, Q-.-F. Chen, Magnetic structures and optical properties of rare-earth orthoferrites RFeO3 (R = Ho, Er, Tm and Lu), Solid State Commun. 288 (2019) 10-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2018. 11.004.
[3] O. Opuchovic, G. Kreiza, J. Senvaitiene, K. Kazlauskas, A. Beganskiene, A. Kareiva, Sol-gel synthesis, characterization and application of selected sub-microsized lanthanide (Ce, Pr, Nd, Tb) ferrites, Dyes Pigments 118 (2015) 176-182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.03.017.
[4] C. Sasikala, N. Durairaj, I. Baskaran, B. Sathyaseelan, M. Henini, Transition metal titanium (Ti) doped LaFeO3 nanoparticles for enhanced optical structure and magnetic properties, J. Alloy. Compd. 712 (2017) 870-877. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.04.133.
[5] D.T.A. Thu, H.T. Giang, D.H. Manh, N.N. Toan, Study on the preparation of gas sensing material LaFeO3 by sol-gel method using citrate ion as ligand and used in ethanol sensor, VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology 26 (2010) 36-43.
[6] I.S. Kondrashkova, K.D. Martinson, N.V. Zakharova, V.I. Popkov, Synthesis of nanocrystalline HoFeO3 photocatalyst via heat treatment of products of glycine-nitrate combustion, Russ. J. Gen. Chem. 88 (2018) 2465-2471. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1070363218120022.
[7] Z. Habib, K. Majid, M. Ikram, Kh. Sultan, Influence of Ni substitution at B-site for Fe3+ ions on morphological, optical, and magnetic properties of HoFeO3 ceramics, Appl. Phys. A 122 (2016) 550. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-016-0082-z.
[8] A.J. Deotale, R.V. Nandedkar, Correlation between particle size, strain and band gap of iron oxide nanoparticles, Mater. Today- Proc. 3 (2016) 2069-2076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2016. 04.110.
[9] B.D. Cullity, C.D. Graham, Introduction to Magnetic Materials, Second ed., A John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey, 2009.
[10] T.D. Hien, L.T. Tai, Magnetism and magnetic materials, Bach Khoa Publishing House, Ha Noi, 2016. (in Vietnamese)
[11] N.A. Tien, I.Ya. Mittova, M.V. Knurova, V.O. Mittova, N.T.M. Thu, H.T.N. Bich, Sol-gel preparation and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline lanthanum ferrite, Russ. J. Gen. Chem. 84 (2014), 1261-1264. https://doi.org/ 10.1134/S1070363214070020.
[12] T.A. Nguyen, V. Pham, T.L. Pham, L.T.Tr. Nguyen, I.Ya. Mittova, V.O. Mittova, L.N. Vo, B.T.T. Nguyen, V.X. Bui, E.L. Viryutina, Simple synthesis of NdFeO3 by the co-precipitation method based on a study of thermal behaviors of Fe (III) and Nd (III) hydroxides, Crystals 10 (2020) 219. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst10030219.
[13] T.A. Nguyen, V.N.T. Pham, H.T. Le, D.H. Chau, V.O. Mittova, L.T.Tr. Nguyen, D.A. Dinh, T.V.N. Hao, I.Ya. Mittova, Crystal structure and magnetic properties of LaFe1-xNixO3 nanomaterials prepared via a simple co-precipitation method, Ceram. Int. 45 (2019) 21768-21772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ceramint.2019.07.178.
[14] A.T. Nguyen, Vinh N.T. Pham, T.Tr.L. Nguyen, V.O. Mittova, Q.M. Vo, M.V. Berezhnaya, I.Ya. Mittova, Tr.H. Do, H.D. Chau, Crystal structure and magnetic properties of perovskite YFe1-xMnxO3 nanopowders synthesized by co-precipitation method, Solid State Sci. 96 (2019) 105922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences. 2019.06.011.
[15] L.M. Dai, D.N. Nhiem, D.K. Trung, Synthesis of LaFeO3 perovskite nanostructures by gel combustion method and application as catalytic for CO oxidation reaction, Journal of Chemistry 50 (2012) 140-143. (in Vietnamese).
[16] Zh. Zhou, L. Guo, H. Yang, Q. Liu, F. Ye, Hydrothermal synthesis and magnetic properties of multiferroic rare-earth orthoferrites, J. Alloy. Compd. 583 (2014) 21-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jallcom.2013.08.129.
[17] N. Ghobadi, Band gap determination using absorption spectrum fitting procedure, International Nano Letters 3 (2013) 2. https://link. springer.com/article/10.1186/2228-5326-3-2.
[18] T.A. Nguyen, L.T.Tr. Nguyen, V.X. Bui, D.H.T. Nguyen, H.D. Lieu, L.M.T. Le, V. Pham, Optical and magnetic properties of HoFeO3 nanocrystals prepared by a simple co-precipitation method using ethanol, J. Alloy. Compd. 834 (2020) 155098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020. 155098.
[19] T. Peisong, X. Xinyu, Ch. Haifeng, L. Chunyan, D. Yangbin, Synthesis of nanoparticulate PrFeO3 by sol-gel method and its visible-light photocatalytic activity, Ferroelectrics 546 (2019) 181-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/00150193.2019.1592470.
[20] S.N. Tijare, S. Bakardjieva, J. Subrt, M.V. Joshi, S.S. Rayalu, S. Hishita, N. Labhsetwar, Synthesis and visible light photocatalytic activity of nanocrystalline PrFeO3 perovskite for hydrogen generation in ethanol-water system, J. Chem. Sci. 126 (2014) 517-525. https://doi.org/10.1007/s 12039-014-0596-x.
[21] S. Phokha, S. Pinitsoontorn, S. Maensiri, S. Rujirawat, Structure, optical and magnetic properties of LaFeO3 nanoparticles prepared by polymerized complex method, J. Sol-Gel Sci. Techn. 71 (2014) 333-341. https://link.springer. com/article/10.1007/s10971-014-3383-8.