The Safety and Efficacy Evaluation of PRRS Attenuated Vaccine BG895 Strain in Experimental Pigs

Bui Anh Thy, Nguyen Tang Truong, Kim Van Phuc, Nguyen Thien Thu, Nguyen Van Dung, Tran Xuan Hanh, Tran Linh Thuoc

Article Sidebar

pdf
Published Jan 12, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5299

Article Details

How to Cite
THY, Bui Anh et al. The Safety and Efficacy Evaluation of PRRS Attenuated Vaccine BG895 Strain in Experimental Pigs. VNU Journal of Science: Natural Sciences and Technology, [S.l.], v. 38, n. 1, jan. 2022. ISSN 2588-1140. Available at: <https://js.vnu.edu.vn/NST/article/view/5299>. Date accessed: 25 apr. 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1140/vnunst.5299.
ABNT APA BibTeX CBE EndNote - EndNote format (Macintosh & Windows) MLA ProCite - RIS format (Macintosh & Windows) RefWorks Reference Manager - RIS format (Windows only) Turabian
Issue
Vol 38 No 1
Section
Original Articles

Main Article Content

Abstract

From the PRRSV virulent strain BG8 isolated from a PRRSV-infected pig, using serial passage method in MARC-145 cell line, we have successfully obtained an attenuated strain in 95th passage, named as BG895, with high potential to be a vaccine candidate. In this study, we present the results of the safety and efficacy evaluation of BG895 against PRRSV in experimental pigs. Trial results of vaccine formula using strain BG895 have very high safety when inoculating 5 doses/animal and 10 doses/animal. Evaluation of immune response by ELISA method showed that, from 14 days post inoculation, anti-PRRSV antibodies were detected in the serum of all inoculated pigs in vaccine batches with the lowest S/P index of 1.50 ± 0.4 and the highest S/P was 2.36 ± 0.1 from 28 days post inoculation. The IPMA method showed that the antibody titer of the vaccine reached ≥ 1/160 in 100% of pigs from 21 days post inoculation andreached ≥ 1/640 in 100% of pigs from 28 days post inoculation, indicating that the vaccine was effective at protecting 100% of pigs from 28 days post inoculation. The protective effect of the vaccine was evaluated by the virulent challenge from 28 days post inoculation with 1 dose/animal compared with the control group. The results showed that compared with all pigs in the control group with typical clinical manifestations of Blue-ear disease, all inoculated pigs had normal body temperature and weight gain, besides, the S/P index increased from 1.65 ± 0.1 to the highest 2.99 ± 0.2; the average antibody titer was >1/2560, and virus wasnot detected in nasal fluid by real-time RT-PCR from 7 days post challenge. These experimental results confirmed the safety and efficacy of the attenuated PRRS vaccine based on BG895strain.

Keywords: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), safety, efficacy, attenuated PRRS vaccine, BG895 strain.

References

[1] A. A. F. Vries, M. C. Horzinek, P. J. M. Rottier,
R. J. Groot, The Genome Organization of the Nidovirales: Similarities and Differences between Arteri-, Toro-, and Coronaviruses, Seminars in VIROLOGY, Vol. 8, 1997, pp. 33-47, https://doi.org/10.1006/smvy.1997.0104.
[2] M. Kappes, K. Faaberg, PRRSV Structure, Replication and Recombination: Origin of Phenotype and Genotype Diversity, Virology, Vol. 479+480, 2015, pp. 475-486, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2015.02.012.
[3] S. Dea, C. Gagnon, H. Mardassi, B. Pirzadeh, D. Rogan, Current Knowledge on the Structural Proteins of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) Virus: Comparison of the North American and European Isolates, Arch, Virol, Vol. 145, 2000, pp. 659-688, https://doi.org/10.1007/s007050050662.
[4] N. N. Hai, V. K. Hung, Complexity of Genotypes of PRRSV from some Pigs Herds, Veterinary Sciences and Techniques, XIX, Vol. 1, 2012, pp. 20-26 (in Vietnamese).
[5] N. V. Cam, T. H. Hien, N. T. Cuong, N. Tung, Trial of Chinese Inactivated and German Live Vaccines for the Prevention of Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome (PRRS), Veterinary Sciences and Techniques, XVIII, Vol. 1, 2011, pp. 31-40 (in Vietnamese).
[6] B. A. Thy, L. T. Hoa, T. X. Hanh, T. L. Thuoc, Analyzing Genetic Mutations of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Strains by Serial Passages in Cell Line from Field Wild Strain, Sci, Tech, Dev. J, Nat, Sci, Vol. 4, No. 4, 2020, pp. 857-867 (in Vietnamese), https://doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v4i4.914.
[7] T. Q. An, Z. J. Tian, Y. J. Zhou, Y. Xiao, J. M. Peng, J. Chen, Y. F. Jiang, X. F. Hao, G. Z. Tong, Comparative Genomic Analysis of Five Pairs of Virulent Parental/attenuated Vaccine Strains of PRRSV, Vet, Microbiol, Vol. 149, 2011, pp. 104-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.11.001.
[8] X. Leng, Z. Li, M. Xia, X. Li, F. Wang, W. Wang, X. Zhang, H. Wu, Mutations in Genome of the Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Potentially Related to Attenuation, Vet, Microbiol, Vol. 157, 2012, pp. 50-60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.12.012.
[9] W. Lu, B. Sun, J. Mo, X. Zeng, G. Zhang, L. Wang, Q. Zhou, L. Zhu, Z. Li, Q. Xie, Y. Bi, J. Ma, Attenuation and Immunogenicity of a Live High Pathogenic PRRSV Vaccine Candidate with a
32-amino Acid Deletion in the nsp2 Protein, J. Immunol, Res, Vol. 810523, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/810523.
[10] B. A. Thy, L. T. Hoa, T. X. Hanh, T. L. Thuoc, Comparison of Amino Acid Mutations on Eight Pairs of PRRSV Virulent Parental/attenuated Vaccine Strains, Proceedings of 2020 Vietnam National Conference on Biotechnology, Hue University, 2020, pp. 630-636 (in Vietnamese).
[11] Z. J. Tian, T. Q. An, Y. J. Zhou, J. M. Peng, S. P. Hu, T. C. Wei, Y. F. Jiang, Y. Xiao, G. Z. Tong, An Attenuated Live Vaccine Based on Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (HP-PRRSV) Protects Piglets Against HP-PRRS, Vet, Microbiol, Vol. 138, No. 1+2, 2009, pp. 34-40, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.03.003.
[12] B. A. Thy, T. X. Hanh, T. L. Thuoc, Stability of the GP5 Antigen on the Attenuated PRRSV BG895 strain, Sci, Tech, Dev. J, Nat, Sci, Vol. 5, No. 3, 2021, pp. 1539-1554 (in Vietnamese), https://doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v5i3.1077.
[13] TCVN 8685-12: Vaccine Testing Procedure, Part 12: Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Vaccine, Living, 2014 (in Vietnamese).
[14] S. B. Kleiboeker, S. K. Schommer, S. M. Lee, S. Watkins, W. Chittick, D. Polson, Simultaneous Detection of North American and European Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus using Real-time Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase-PCR, J. Vet, Diagn, Invest, Vol. 17, 2005, pp. 165-170, https://doi.org/10.1177/104063870501700211.
[15] TCVN 8400-21: Animal Disease - diagnostic Procedure, Part 21: Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), 2014 (in Vietnamese).
[16] Chapter 3.8.6: Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome, OIE Terrestrial Manual 2018.
[17] T. L. Thanh, N. H. Dang, T. H. Hien, B. Q. Thang, Torrents D. Evaluation of Efficiency of Amervac PRRS Vaccine for the High Virulent, Pathologenic Virus Strain in Vietnam, Veterinary Sciences and Techniques, XXI, Vol. 1, 2014, pp. 5-16 (in Vietnamese).
[18] N. Tung, T. H. Hien, N. T. Cuong, N. V. Cam, Results of Trial of a Live Chinese Vaccine for Prevention of the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), Veterinary Sciences and Techniques, XVIII, Vol. 6, 2011,
pp. 11-17 (in Vietnamese).
[19] L. V. Nam, Preliminary Results of the Survey on the Clinical and Pathological Findings in Pigs Affected by PRRS in Some Regions in the North Vietnam, Veterinary Sciences and Techniques, XIV, Vol. 6, 2007, pp. 10-18 (in Vietnamese).
[20] T. Q. An, N. H. Nam, Some Pathological Characteristics of PRRS in Pigs, Veterinary Sciences and Techniques, XVIII, Vol. 6, 2011, pp. 24-30 (in Vietnamese).
[21] J. J. Zimmerman, S. A. Dee, D. J. Holtkamp, M. P. Murtaugh, T. Stadejek, G. W. Stevenson, M. Torremorell, H. Yang, J. Zhang, Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses (Porcine Arteriviruses), Diseases of Swine, Eleventh Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2019, pp. 685-708, https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119350927.ch41