Analysis of DNA Markers from Vietnamese Asarum L. Species
Main Article Content
Abstract
The Asarum L. genus includes 128 species with a lot of medicinal effects and has been used extensively in the folk prescriptions for treatment of several diseases such as bronchitis, asthma, rheumatism, and hepatitis. In the world, many researches showed that the Asarum L. species have many kinds of the essential oils such as myristicin, methyl eugenol, myrcene, asafrol, borneol, safrol or α-pinene and substances as secquiterpenes, sterols, naringenin or glycosyl flavonoids. Some reports in Vietnam have been conducted on analyzing secondary compounds of these species. However, it has done a little research on classification of these species through molecular markers. Indeed, the DNA barcoding will help overcome difficulties in recognizing many plants which were endangered species or it is rare materials with high value in medicine. In the study, four DNA barcoding regions - ITS1, ITS2, matK and rpoC were analyzed from some Asarum species that are three species of A. splendens, A. yentuense and A. petelotii. The four barcodes were well amplified by PCR and sequenced by Sanger principal. After that, analyzing sequences showed ITS1, ITS2 had the highest polymorphism, in addition, the markers and matK marker were absolutely suitable for distinguishing the Asarum L. species. The above results are of great significance for the application of the barcodes in the identification of Asarum species, in order to correctly use the medicinal plant sources.
References
[2] V. V. Chi, Dictionary of Vietnamese Medical Plants. Medical Publishing House, 2012 (in Vietnamese).
[3] N. A. Tuan, B. H. Quang, N. Q. Hung, A. Sasamoto, A. yentuense sp. nov. (Aristolochiaceae) from Vietnam, Nordic J. Botany, 2018, pp. 1586.
[4] D. V. Tuan, D. V. Thach, L. D. Truong, Study on the Medicinal Plant Resources Containing Oil in Tam Dao National Park and Buffer Zone, The Fourth National Conference on Ecology and Biological Resources, 2011, pp. 1344.
[5] F. Zhang, Q. Xu, S. Fu, X. Ma, H. Xiao, X. Liang, Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil of Asarum forbesii Maxim (Aristolochiaceae), Flavour Fragrance Journal, Vol. 20, No. 3, 2005, pp. 318-320.
[6] H. J. Park, K. S. Lee, T.T. Zhao, K. E. Lee, M. K. Lee, Effects of Asarinin on Dopamine Biosynthesis and 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Cytotoxicity in PC12 Cells, Arch Pharm, Res. (Seoul), Vol. 40, No. 5, 2017, pp. 631-639.
[7] S. Q. Cai, J. Yu, X. Wang, R. Q. Wang, F. X. Ran, M. Y. Shang, J. R. Cui, K. Komatsu,
T. Namba, Cytotoxic Activity of some Asarum Plants, Fitoterapia, Vol. 79, No. 4, 2008, pp. 293-297.
[8] N. C. Binh, Research on Botanical Characteristics and Chemical Composition of some Asarum L. Species used as Medicine in Vietnam, Master's Thesis in Pharmacology, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 2017.
[9] T. M. Hoi, The Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Asarum caudigerum Hance from Huong Son (Ha Tinh Province), Journal of Biology, Vol. 26, No. 4, 2004, pp. 59-60.
[10] T. H. Thai, N. T. Hien, D. T. Minh, N. A. Tuan, Chemical Composition of Essential Oil from Some Species of Asarum L. Genus in Vietnam, Journal of Biology, Vol. 32, No. 1, 2010, pp. 94-96.
[11] W. J. Kress, K. J. Wurdack, E. A. Zimmer, L. A. Weigt, D. H. Janzen, Use of DNA Barcodes to Identify Flowering Plants, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 102, No. 23, 2005, pp. 8369-8374.
[12] M. W. Chase, R. S. Cowan, P. M. Hollingsworth, C. Van Den Berg, S. Madriñán, G. Petersen,
O. Seberg, T. Jørgsensen, K. M. Cameron, M. Carine, A Proposal for a Standardised Protocol to Barcode all Land Plants, Taxon, Vol. 56, No. 2, 2007, pp. 295-299.
[13] J. J. Doyle, J. L. Doyle, Isolation of Plant DNA from Fresh Tissue, Focus, Vol. 12, 1990, pp. 13-15.
[14] T. Cheng, C. Xu, L. Lei, C. Li, Y. Zhang, S. Zhou, Barcoding the Kingdom Plantae: New PCR Primers for ITS Regions of Plants with Improved Universality and Specificity, Molecular Ecology Resources, Vol. 16, 2016, pp. 138-149.
[15] S. Kumar, G. Stecher, M. Li, C. Knyaz, K. Tamura, MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Across Computing Platforms, Mol, Biol, and Evol, Vol. 35, No. 6, 2018,
pp. 1547-1549.
[16] O. Seberg, G. Petersen, How Many Loci does it Take to DNA Barcode a Crocus, PloS one, Vol. 4, No. 2, 2009, pp. 4598, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004598.
[17] M. W. Chase, N. Salamin, M. Wilkinson, J. M. Dunwell, R. P. Kesanakurthi, N. Haider, V. Savolainen, Land Plants and DNA Barcodes: Short-term and Long-term Goals, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Biological Sciences, Vol. 360, No. 1462, 2005, pp. 1889-1895.
[18] S. Feng, M. Jiang, Y. Shi, K. Jiao, C. Shen, J. Lu, Q. Ying, H. Wang, Application of the Ribosomal DNA ITS2 Region of Physalis (Solanaceae): DNA Barcoding and Phylogenetic Study, Front, Plant Sci, Vol. 7, 2016, pp. 1047.
[19] N. T. Linh, P. T. Hang, D. V. Truong, H. T. T. Hue, Evaluating the Systematic Position of Ehretia asperula Zoll. & amp; Moritzi Based on ITS1, matK and trnL-trnF DNA Sequences, Vietnam Jounal of Science, Technology and Engineering, Vol. 59, No. 4, 2017, pp. 61-65.
[20] L. T. Huong, N. N. Linh, B. M. Minh, H. H. Hanh, H. T. T. Hue, N. V. Hai, H. V. Huan, L. T. T. Hien, Application of DNA Barcodes in Identification of Ginseng Samples in the Genus Panax L. Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology,
Vol. 15, No. 1, 2017, pp. 63-72.
[21] S. Chen, H. Yao, J. Han, C. Liu, J. Song, L. Shi, Validation of the ITS2 Region as a Novel DNA Barcode for Identifying Medicinal Plant Species, Plos One, Vol. 5. No. 1, 2010, pp. 8613.
[22] H. Yao, J. Song, C. Liu, K. Luo, J. Han, Y. Li, Use of ITS2 Region as the Universal DNA Barcode for Plants and Animals, Plos One, Vol. 5, No. 10, 2010, pp. 13102.
[23] B. B. Raskoti, R. Ale, DNA Barcoding of Medicinal Orchids in Asia, Scientific Reports, Vol. 11, 2021, pp. 23651.
[24] M. A. Dakhil, S. Alghamdi, H. Migdadi, M. Afzal, A. A. Ali, Morphological Characterization and DNA Barcoding of Duckweed Species in Saudi Arabia, Plants (Basel), Vol. 10, No. 11, 2021, pp. 2438.
[25] L. Wu, W. Sun, B. Wang, H. Zhao, Y. Li, S. Cai, L. Xiang, Y. Zhu, H. Yao, J. Song, An Integrated System for Identifying the Hidden Assassins in Traditional Medicines Containing Aristolochic Acids, Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2015, pp. 1-10, http://doi.org/10.1038/srep11318.