Formation and Evolution of Sandy Island in Front of the Thu Bon River Mouth, Quang Nam Province
Main Article Content
Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to investigate the mechanism of formation and evolution of a river mouth island in front of Cua Dai - a mouth of Vu Gia - Thu Bon river system. The combination of coastal morphodynamic analysis with remote sensing, mapping and GIS methods has shown that the formation and evolution of this island depends on a long-term and complex interaction between the dynamics of the Vu Gia - Thu Bon river system and the coastal littoral, including the Cu Lao Cham archipelago. This process has three stages: i) The formation of river mouth bar; ii) The formation of island in front of the river mouth; and iii) The deformation of island morphology in front of the river mouth. The materials that formed Cua Dai island are not only carried out by the Vu Gia - Thu Bon river system, but also from longshore sediment due to coastal and estuary erosion, mainly from the northern part of Cua Dai. Based on the interaction between material factors (river and longshore sediments) and energy (sea and river dynamics), the evolution of the river mouth bar in front of the Cua Dai island may follow one of two trends: i) The Cua Dai island will gradually move closer to the north shore of Cua Dai, erodes over time, then disappear, assuming no major flood in the Vu Gia - Thu Bon river system and wave and flow regimes are as normal as in the period before 2016; or ii) The Cua Dai island will continue to exist and change if there is an increase in climate change, especially extreme events such as storms, floods, and sea level rise.
Keywords:
River mouth bar, River mouth island, Vu Gia - Thu Bon river system, Cua Dai, Quang Nam.
References
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(in Vietnamese).
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M. D. Bateman, D. Matsumoto, S. Yamashita, Origin and Evolution of Inter-distributary Delta Plains: Insight from Mekong River Delta, Geology, Vol. 40, 2012, pp. 303-306.
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(in Vietnamese).
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[14] V. V. Phai, D. V. Bao, Geomorphological features of Hoian and its Neighbouhood (Thubon Estuary), Proceedings of International Conference on Ancient Town of Hoian, FL Publ. H., Hanoi, 1992, pp. 55-63.
[15] U. D. Khanh, V. V. Phai, Characteristics of the River Mouth in Central Vietnam, Collection of Geographical Research Works, Science and Technology Publishing House, Hanoi, 1998
(in Vietnamese).
[16] T. V. Binh, L. D. Mau, The Change of Topographic Morphology of Beaches and Material Balance Along the Coast of Quang Nam Province, Collection of Marine Research Works, Vol. 22, 2016, pp. 15-28 (in Vietnamese).
[17] T. V. Binh, L. D. Mau, V. V. Phai, Some Issues of Geomorphology to Serve Coastal Environmental Management of Quang Nam Province, Journal of Marine Science and Technology, Vol. 19, No. 4A, 2019, pp. 79-91, https://doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/14599 (in Vietnamese).
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[19] O. K. Leont'yev, L. G. Nikiforov, G. A. Saf'yanov, Geomorphology of Sea Coasts, Ed. Moscow State University, 1975, 336 pp (in Russian).
[20] E. J. Anthony, Wave Influence in the Construction, Shaping and Destruction of River Deltas: A Review, Marine Geology, Vol. 361, 2015, pp. 53-78.
[21] T. T. Xuan, H. M. Tuyen, T. Thuc, T. H. Thai, N. K. Dung, Water Resources of Major River Systems in Vietnam, Science and Technics Publishing House, Hanoi, 2012 (in Vietnamese).
[22] D. Q. Thien, N. T. No, Calculation of Sand Balance for Erosion-filling Study in Quang Nam Coastal Zone, Vietnam Journal of Hydrometeorology,
No. 618, 2012, pp. 29-37 (in Vietnamese).
[23] H. C. Hoai, L. K. Chinh, L. D. Vinh, Wave Climate at Cua Dai-Hoi An Seashore and Its Impact on Beach Erosion, The University of Danang - Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 11, No. 1, 2018, pp. 31-35 (in Vietnamese).
[24] D. T. Ha, A. Coynel, Impact of Tranh River 2 Hydroelectric Dam on Sediment Load on the Thu Bon River of Quang Nam Province, UED Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities & Education,
Vol. 9, No. 3, 2019, pp. 7-11 (in Vietnamese).
[25] N. Q. Binh, Assessment of Sediment Load
in Upstream of the Vu Gia-Thu Bon River Basin by SWAT Semi Distribution Hydrological Model, Journal of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, No. 60, 2018, pp. 58-66
(in Vietnamese).
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(in Vietnamese).
[29] V. V. Phai, N. V. Liem, Coastal Changes Due to Typhoon No. 10 (Doksuri) in September Proceedings of the 11th National Geographic Conference, Thanh Nien Publishing House, Hanoi, 2017, pp. 85-91 (in Vietnamese).
[30] N. V. Liem, D. V. Bao, D. K. Bac, N. C. Cuong,
P. T. P. Nga, B. Burkhard, G. T. K. Chi, Assessment of Shoreline Changes for Setback Zone Establishment from Son Tra (Da Nang City) to Cua Dai (Hoi An City), Vietnam, Vietnam Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 42, No. 4, 2020,
pp. 363-383, https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/42/4/15410.