Preliminary Investigation of Microplastic Pollution in Agricultural Soil in Dong Anh District, Hanoi City
Main Article Content
Abstract
Microplastics are a growing concern in the environments and especially agricultural soil due to numerous negative impacts on the ecosystems and human health. This study aimed to investigate the properties of microplastics (including quantity, shape, size, and polymer types) in five samples (DA1-5) taken from agriculture soil in Dong Anh district, Hanoi using Nicolet iN10 MX Fourier transform infrared (µFTIR) microscope. The study found that the microplastic content in these soils ranging from 494 ± 292 items/kg dry weight to 1031 ± 379 items/kg dry weight. In terms of shape, microplastic fragments accounted for the majority of microplastics found in soil (65% - 86% of the total microplastics). Fifteen types of microplastic polymers were identified in the soil samples, with PET being the most common polymer of 38%, followed by urea-formaldehyde resin of 15%, and nylon of 13%. Microplastics with sizes ranging from 50-150 µm were the dominant group (39% - 57% of the total microplastics). This study provides an initial assessment of the presence of microplastics in the agricultural soil of the suburban area of Hanoi, highlighting the potential risk of contamination that may effect on environment and pose a threat to human health.
Keywords:
Microplastics, agricultural soil, polymers, Hanoi.
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B. Fayard, A. M. Flank, F. Brisset, M. Carrier, Accumulation, Translocation and Impact of TiO2 Nanoparticles in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum Spp.): Influence of Diameter and Crystal Phase, Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 431, 2012,
pp. 197-208, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.04.073.
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and Agricultural Soils: A Case Study of Yeoju City in the Republic of Korea, J Soils Sediments,
Vol. 21, No. 5, 2021, pp. 1962-1973, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-020-02759-0.
[13] J. Yang, R. Li, Q.Zhou, L. Li, Y. Li, C. Tu,
X. Zhao, K. Xiong, P. Christie, Y. Luo, Abundance and Morphology of Microplastics in an Agricultural Soil Following Long-Term Repeated Application of Pig Manure, Environmental Pollution, Vol. 272, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116028.
[14] M. Kooi, A. A. Koelmans, Simplifying Microplastic Via Continuous Probability
Distributions for Size, Shape, and Density, Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett., Vol. 6, No. 9, 2019, pp. 551-557, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00379.
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[16] M. Bläsing, W. Amelung, Plastics in Soil: Analytical Methods and Possible Sources, Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 612, 2018,
pp. 422-435, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.086.
[17] L. Yang, Y. Zhang, S. Kang, Z. Wang, C. Wu, Microplastics in Soil: A Review on Methods, Occurrence, Sources, and Potential Risk, Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 780, 2021,
pp. 146546, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146546.
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[19] L. Cao, D. Wu, P. Liu, W. Hu, L. Xu, Y. Sun,
Q. Wu, K. Tian, B. Huang, S. J. Yoon, B. O. Kwon, J. S. Khim, Occurrence, Distribution and Affecting
Factors of Microplastics in Agricultural Soils
Along the Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, China, Science of The Total Environment, Vol. 794, 2021, pp. 148694, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148694.
[20] E. E. H. Lwanga, I. V. Roshum, D. Munhoz,
K. Meng, M. Rezaei, D. Goossens, J. Bijsterbosch, N. Alexandre, J. Oosterwijk, M. Krol, P. Peters,
V. Geissen, C. Ritsema, Microplastic Appraisal of Soil, Water, Ditch Sediment and Airborne Dust: the Case of Agricultural Systems, Environmental Pollution, Vol. 316, 2023, pp. 120513, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120513.
[21] N. Beriot, J. Peek, R. Zornoza, V. Geissen, E. H. Lwanga, Low Density-microplastics Detected in Sheep Faeces and Soil: A Case Study from the Intensive Vegetable Farming in Southeast Spain, Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 755, 2021, pp. 142653, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142653.
[22] Q. Zhou, H. Zhang, C. Fu, Y. Zhou, Z. Dai, Y.Li, C. Tu, Y. Luo, The Distribution and Morphology
of Microplastics in Coastal Soils Adjacent to the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea, Geoderma,
Vol. 322, 2018, pp. 201-208, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.02.015.
[23] M. Li, Y. Liu, G. Xu, Y. Wang, Y. Yu, Impacts of Polyethylene Microplastics on Bioavailability and Toxicity of Metals in Soil, Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 760, 2021, pp. 144037, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144037.
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