Mineral Compositions and Grain Sizes of Beach Sediments in Northern Vietnam
Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstract: Forty three surface samples from the beaches of northern Vietnam from Quang Ninh to Thua Thien Hue were sampled in July 2024 for grain size and mineralogy analysis. We aim to assess the dynamic conditions and mineral origins of beach sediments. Three types of sediments were distributed on the beach: coarse sand, medium sand, and fine sand. Coarse sand was well sorted and symmetrically skewed. Medium sand was very well to moderately sorted and fine to coarsely skewed. Fine sand was very well to moderately well sorted and fine to coarsely skewed. Mineral contents including quartz, illite, feldspar, kaolinite, goethite, chlorite, calcite, amphibole, and gibbsite were 80.3%, 5.2%, 3.1%, 2.3%, 2.0%, 1.8%, 1.1%, 0.9%, and 0.1%, respectively. The mineral origins were from the mainland, characterized by quartz, feldspar, and amphibole; minerals as illite, chlorite, kaolinite, and goethite were products from chemical weathering of feldspar and amphibole; calcite from biological shells. Beach sediments were divided into three groups, characterized by particle size and quartz (lowest in group 1 and highest in group 3).
Keywords:
Beach sediments, minerals, Northern of Vietnam, grain sizes.
References
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pp. 81-106, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800007-6.00004-6.
[6] L. T. Bui, H. T. H. Pham, Coastal Erosion Trend Analysis Using A Combination of Remote Sensing and Hydrodynamic Models: Case Study of Ca Mau Cape, Mekong Delta, Remote Sens. Appl.: Soc. Environ., Vol. 26, 2022, pp. 100734, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2022.100734.
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[8] D. T. T. Huong, N. D. Hoe, T. D. Lan, N. T. T. Ha, N. D. Ve, Assessement of Beach Quality in the Northeastern Coast of Vietnam by Using Index Method, Vietnam Journal of Marine Science and Technology, Vol. 17, No. 3, 2017, pp. 292-300, https://doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/17/3/10201.
[9] T. T. Hieu, Characteristics of Sediment of Modern Sand Beach Along the Coast of Phu Khanh, Collection of Marine Research, Vol. 2, 1981,
pp. 165-178 (in Vietnamese).
[10] D. H. Nhon, D. V. Huy, N. N. Anh, D. T. T. Huong, Grain Size and Mineral Composition in the Coastal Area of Binh Thuan, Journal of Water Resources-Environmental Engineering, Vol. 59, No. 12, 2017, pp. 89-94 (in Vietnamese).
[11] D. M. Duc, D. X. Thanh, D. T. Quynh, P. McLaren, Analysis of Sediment Distribution and Transport for Mitigation of Sand Deposition Hazard in Tam Quan Estuary, Vietnam, Environ. Earth Sci.,
Vol. 75, 2016, pp. 741, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-5560-2.
[12] D. Q. Tien, D. Q. Thien, V. Q. Lan, Formations of Quaternary Sedimentary Marine Sand in Thua Thien Hue Province and Relevant Geological Legacies, Journal of Geology-Series A, Vol. 371-372, 2020, pp. 1-14, (in Vietnamese).
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[14] D. H. Nhon, N. T. M. Luu, L. T. B. Thuy, N. N. Nam, N. H. Hoang, B. M. Quan, Mineral Compositions and Grain Sizes of Sediments in Intertidal Zone in Northern Vietnam, Vietnam Journal of Marine Science and Technology,
Vol. 19, No. 3A, 2019, pp. 63-75, https://doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/19/3A/14292, (in Vietnamese).
[15] N. H. Hoang, B. V. Vuong, E. Egidarev, V. Zharikov, L. A. Xuan, N. T. M. Luu, L. T. B. Thuy, N. D. Ve, D. T. Nghi, D. H. Nhon, Characteristics of Surface Sediments in Shallow Sea Areas Near Cat Ba Archipelago, Northern Vietnam, Journal of Science: Earth and Environmental Sciences,
Vol. 36, N0. 4, 2020, pp. 67-79, https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1094/vnuees.4631, (in Vietnamese).
[16] B. T. T. Loan, N. T. M. Luu, N. H. Hoang, L. V. Nam, P. T. Dung, N. D. Ve, L. N. Sieu, D. H. Nhon, T. D. Thanh, Some Sedimentary Environment Characteristics in the Mong Cai Coastal Area, Quang Ninh Province, Vietnam, VNU Journal of Science: Earth and Environmental Sciences,
Vol. 38, No. 1, 2022, pp. 57-70, https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1132/vnumps.4748, (in Vietnamese).
[17] R. L. Ingram, Sieve Analysis, in: Carver, R. E. (Ed.), Procedures in Sedimentary Petrology, Wiley-Interscience, New York, London, Sydney, Toronto, 1971, pp. 49-68.
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[19] R. L. Folk, W. C. Ward, Brazos River Bar: A Study in The Significance of Grain Size Parameters, J. Sediment. Petrol., Vol. 27, 1957, pp. 3-26, https://doi.org/10.1306/74D70646-2B21-11D7-8648000102C1865D.
[20] ICDD International Center for Diffraction Data, PDF Database Release. Data Sets 1 -50 plus 70-88, USA, 2004.
[21] MOST (Ministry of Science and Technology), Determination of Compositions Clay Mineral of Kaolin - Inductively X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Method (TCVN 13597-1:2022), 2022.
[22] D. H. Nhon, T. D. Thanh, L. T. B. Thuy, B. V. Vuong, N. D. Ve, Distribution of Mineral Components in Surface Sediments of Ha Long Bay, Vietnam, Proceedings of the 3rd National Conference on Marine Geology, Publishing House for Natural Science and Technology, Hanoi, 2019, pp. 80-89 (in Vietnamese).
[23] D. H. Nhon, N. V. Thao, T. D. Thanh, N. D. Ve,
B. V. Vuong, L. T. B. Thuy, B. T. T. Loan, H. T. Chien, D. T. Nghi, Characteristic and Distribution of Grain Sizes and Minerals in Sediments in A Part of the Vietnamese Gulf of Tonkin, Vietnam Journal of Science, Technology and Engineering, Vol. 65, N0. 2, 2023, pp. 88-96, https://doi.org/10.31276/VJSTE.65(2).88-96.
[24] C. C. Plummer, D. McGeary, D. H. Carlson, Physical Geology, WCB/McGraw-Hill, Boston, 2016.
[25] L. R. Gardner, Conditions for Direct Formation of Gibbsite From K-Feldspar-Further Discussion, Am. Mineral., Vol. 57, No. 1-2, 1972, pp. 294-300.
[26] T. V. Tri, Geology and Earth Resources of Vietmam, Department of Geology and Minerals of Vietnam, 2011.
[27] D. H. Nhon, N. Q. Tuan, T. D. Thanh, N. D. Cu, N. H. Cu, N. D. Toan, Distribution Sediments and Heavy Minerals in Hai Hau Coastal Area, Nam Dinh Province, Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 50, No. 3E, 2012, pp. 1096-1105.