Factors Affecting Career Choices of Students in Private High Schools in Ho Chi Minh City
Main Article Content
Abstract
This article comprehensively examines the factors influencing career decisions of students in private high schools in Ho Chi Minh City. Using both qualitative and quantitative research methods, the study reveals that students' career choices are shaped by personal factors, such as passion, self-assessment abilities, independence, and are strongly influenced by family, school, and social environment. The family plays a crucial role in providing guidance and financial support, enabling students to pursue desired career paths. Schools, through career counseling programs and extracurricular activities, offer opportunities for students to explore and gain a deeper understanding of the requirements of various professions. The social environment, especially the influence of media and peers, contributes to shaping career role models and industry trends. The study also indicates that in a growing economy, students increasingly consider factors such as salary, employment opportunities, and career growth potential. Consequently, the article proposes support strategies involving families, schools, and the community to foster sustainable career orientation for students, aligning with the demands of the modern labor market.
Keywords:
Career orientation, influencing factors, private high school, labor market, career counseling.
References
[1] Central Committee Resolution No. 29-NQ/TW, dated November 4, 2013, on comprehensive renovation of education and training.
[2] Ministry of Education and Training, Experiential activities and career-oriented experiential activities, issued with Circular No. 32/2018/TT-BGDĐT, December 26, 2018.
[3] Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, Project “Career Education and Career Orientation for High School Students 2018-2025,” Decision No. 522/QĐ-TTg, May 14, 2018.
[4] B. V. Phu, Organizing career guidance for high school students under the socialization approach, Ph.D. thesis in Educational Management, University of Education, Hanoi, 2009.
[5] Ministry of Education and Training, Circular No. 31/2017/TT-BGDĐT “Guidance on psychological counseling for students in high schools,” Hanoi, 2017.
[6] Ministry of Education and Training, Decision 522/QĐ-TTg Approving the Project “Career Education and Career Orientation for High School Students 2018-2025,” Hanoi, 2018.
[7] T. V. Qui and C. H. Thi, “Factors Affecting High School Students’ University Choices,” Journal of Science & Technology Development, University of Technology, VNU-HCM, vol. 15, 2009.
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[10] N. T. Linh, “12th Grade Students’ Evaluation of Career Education in High Schools in Southeastern Provinces,” Journal of Science, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, vol. 7, 2017.
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[15] N. T. T. Han, “Current State of Career Counseling at Some High Schools in Ho Chi Minh City,” Journal of Science, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, vol. 25, pp. 116-120, 2011.
[16] T. T. T. Mai, “Operations of Psychology - Education - Career Counseling Rooms in High Schools,” Journal of Science, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, vol. 19, pp. 124-129, 2010.
[17] T. K. Nhung and L. T. T. Linh, “Evaluation of Factors Influencing Career Orientation of High School Students in Nghe An,” Journal of Education, no. 431, issue 1, pp. 27-53, 2018.
[18] X. Gu, M. Tang, S. Chen, and M. L. T. Montgomery, “Effects of a Career Course on Chinese High School Students' Career Decision-Making Readiness,” 2020. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12233
[19] C. Hou, Y. Wu, and Z. Liu, “Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Mediates Social Support’s Effect on Career Adaptability: A Longitudinal Study,” Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 1-13, 2019. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.8157
[20] J. Wang, R. Guo, M. Liu, X. Zhang, L. Ren, M. Sun, and S. Tang, “Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy and Professional Commitment among Master Nursing Students,” Western Journal of Nursing Research, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 327-345, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945916682236
[21] I. Ado, “Career Guidance, Student Participation and Its Implications for Kano, Nigeria,” MOJES: Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Sciences, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 14-19, 2018.
[22] R. Gati, R. Gadassi, and R. Mashiah-Cohen, “Career Decision-Making Profiles vs. Styles: Convergent and Incremental Validity,” Journal of Vocational Behavior, vol. 81, no. 1, pp. 2-16, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2012.03.004
[23] V. B. Trinh, Methods of Conducting Scientific Research Topics. Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, 2005.
[24] T. H. Pham, “Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Social Science Research,” Journal of Science, vol. 7, pp. 181-189, 2006.
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[26] M. T. Huynh, Research Methods. Lectures, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, 2012.
[27] C. R. Kothari, Research Methods: Methods and Techniques. New Age International, 2004.
[28] A. V. Mai et al., Introduction to Quantitative Data Processing. Thanh Hoa University of Culture, Sports and Tourism, 2022.
[29] D. T. Le, “Research Methods Used in Scientific Research in Business Administration,” Journal of Science, vol. 58, no. 12, pp. 250-257, 2014.
[2] Ministry of Education and Training, Experiential activities and career-oriented experiential activities, issued with Circular No. 32/2018/TT-BGDĐT, December 26, 2018.
[3] Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, Project “Career Education and Career Orientation for High School Students 2018-2025,” Decision No. 522/QĐ-TTg, May 14, 2018.
[4] B. V. Phu, Organizing career guidance for high school students under the socialization approach, Ph.D. thesis in Educational Management, University of Education, Hanoi, 2009.
[5] Ministry of Education and Training, Circular No. 31/2017/TT-BGDĐT “Guidance on psychological counseling for students in high schools,” Hanoi, 2017.
[6] Ministry of Education and Training, Decision 522/QĐ-TTg Approving the Project “Career Education and Career Orientation for High School Students 2018-2025,” Hanoi, 2018.
[7] T. V. Qui and C. H. Thi, “Factors Affecting High School Students’ University Choices,” Journal of Science & Technology Development, University of Technology, VNU-HCM, vol. 15, 2009.
[8] J. L. Holland, Theory of careers and self-directed search, Journal of Career Counseling Psychology. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1993.
[9] L. T. M. Linh and K. V. Quy, “Factors Influencing High School Students' University Choices in Vietnam: Survey Evidence 2020,” PHENIKAA University, 2020.
[10] N. T. Linh, “12th Grade Students’ Evaluation of Career Education in High Schools in Southeastern Provinces,” Journal of Science, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, vol. 7, 2017.
[11] MOJES: Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Sciences, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 14-19, 2018.
[12] H. V. Dang, T. H. Nguyen, V. S. Pham, and T. T. Le Ho, “Factors Affecting Career Guidance and Counseling for Middle School Students in North Central Vietnam,” American Journal of Educational Research, vol. 10, no. 9, pp. 553-559, 2022.
[13] L. D. Hung, Career counseling needs of high school students in Ho Chi Minh City, Ph.D. thesis in Psychology, Academy of Social Sciences, 2018.
[14] N. T. B. Phuong, T. Luong, L. T. B. Bay, N. T. Nhi, N. H. Nam, T. H. Phuoc, D. T. B. Quyen, and D. C. Vinh, “Study on Career Counseling for 10th Graders in Non-public High Schools in Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City,” Journal of Education, vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 53-57, 2023.
[15] N. T. T. Han, “Current State of Career Counseling at Some High Schools in Ho Chi Minh City,” Journal of Science, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, vol. 25, pp. 116-120, 2011.
[16] T. T. T. Mai, “Operations of Psychology - Education - Career Counseling Rooms in High Schools,” Journal of Science, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, vol. 19, pp. 124-129, 2010.
[17] T. K. Nhung and L. T. T. Linh, “Evaluation of Factors Influencing Career Orientation of High School Students in Nghe An,” Journal of Education, no. 431, issue 1, pp. 27-53, 2018.
[18] X. Gu, M. Tang, S. Chen, and M. L. T. Montgomery, “Effects of a Career Course on Chinese High School Students' Career Decision-Making Readiness,” 2020. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12233
[19] C. Hou, Y. Wu, and Z. Liu, “Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy Mediates Social Support’s Effect on Career Adaptability: A Longitudinal Study,” Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 1-13, 2019. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.8157
[20] J. Wang, R. Guo, M. Liu, X. Zhang, L. Ren, M. Sun, and S. Tang, “Career Decision-Making Self-Efficacy and Professional Commitment among Master Nursing Students,” Western Journal of Nursing Research, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 327-345, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945916682236
[21] I. Ado, “Career Guidance, Student Participation and Its Implications for Kano, Nigeria,” MOJES: Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Sciences, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 14-19, 2018.
[22] R. Gati, R. Gadassi, and R. Mashiah-Cohen, “Career Decision-Making Profiles vs. Styles: Convergent and Incremental Validity,” Journal of Vocational Behavior, vol. 81, no. 1, pp. 2-16, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2012.03.004
[23] V. B. Trinh, Methods of Conducting Scientific Research Topics. Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, 2005.
[24] T. H. Pham, “Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Social Science Research,” Journal of Science, vol. 7, pp. 181-189, 2006.
[25] H. H. Nguyen, T. D. Nguyen, V. P. Nguyen, and T. P. L. Duong, Scientific Research Methods. Thu Dau Mot University Textbooks, 2020.
[26] M. T. Huynh, Research Methods. Lectures, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, 2012.
[27] C. R. Kothari, Research Methods: Methods and Techniques. New Age International, 2004.
[28] A. V. Mai et al., Introduction to Quantitative Data Processing. Thanh Hoa University of Culture, Sports and Tourism, 2022.
[29] D. T. Le, “Research Methods Used in Scientific Research in Business Administration,” Journal of Science, vol. 58, no. 12, pp. 250-257, 2014.
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