Morphological, Microscopic Characteristics and Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil from Leaves of Hyptis capitata Jacq. (Lamiaceae) Collected in Da Nang, Vietnam

Abstract

Hyptis capitata Jacq. is one of the three most commonly found species of the genus Hyptis in Vietnam. Traditionally, this plant has been used for treating fever and is reported to possess antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidant activities. The present study investigates the morphological and anatomical features of the leaves, along with the chemical composition of their essential oil, from specimens collected in Da Nang, Vietnam. Based on a comparative analysis of macro- and microscopic characteristics, the species was taxonomically identified as Hyptis capitata Jacq. (Lamiaceae). The essential oil yield was found to be 0.02%, with major constituents including δ-cadinene (14.8%), γ-muurolene (7.5%), β-caryophyllene (7.4%), γ-cadinene (6.3%), α-copaene (5.0%), α-muurolene (4.5%), and α-amorphene (4.4%). These findings provide foundational data to support future efforts in the pharmacognostic standardization of this species.