Antibiotic Susceptibility of Bacterial Strains Causing Childhood Pneumonia at the Pediatric Center – Bach Mai Hospital During the Period 2021-2023

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial strains causing pneumonia in children at the Pediatric Center – Bach Mai Hospital during the period 2021-2023. Research method: Retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study of medical records of pediatric patients diagnosed with pneumonia who underwent microbiological testing and were treated as inpatients at the Pediatric Center, Bach Mai Hospital, from January 2021 to December 2023. Results: Of the 330 medical records included in the study, the highest age group for pneumonia was 2-12 months old, with a higher incidence in boys than girls. The number of detected microbial pathogens was 126/330, accounting for 38.2% of the cases, with the most common strains being Heamophilus influenzae (H. Influenzae), Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae), and Moraxella catarrhalis (M. Catarrhalis). In particular, H. influenzae was 100% susceptible to ceftriaxon, ceftazidime, and cefotaxim, 100% resistant to ampicillin/sulbactam, and partially resistant to antibiotics such as cefepim, moxifloxacin... S. pneumoniae was resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin (100.0%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (71.43%), and susceptible to several antibiotics such as vancomycin and moxifloxacin (100%), levofloxacin (87.5%-100%), ceftriaxon, and Penicillin G (over 70%). Streptococcus aureus (S. aureus) was resistant to many antibiotics: ceftriaxon, cefuroxim, ceftazidime, etc. The strain was completely susceptible to tobramycin, doxycyclin, oxacillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.