Electrochromic Properties of PANI/TiO2 Nanocomposite Films Prepared by Electropolymerization
Main Article Content
Abstract
PANI/nc-TiO2/ITO composite films were prepared by electrochemical method where the monomer aniline was polymerized onto nano-porous TiO2/ITO films (PANI/nc-TiO2/ITO). The PANI/nc-TiO2 heterojunctions were formed in the composite films due to the insertion of PANI in nano-porous TiO2 particles. PANI/ITO films exhibited a reversible electrochromic display (ECD) performance when cycled in 0.1M LiClO4 + propylene carbonate. The response times of the electrochromic coloration and bleaching of the PANI/nc-TiO2/ITO electrode were 15 s and 20 s, respectively. Electrochromic efficiency of the films reached a value as large as 12.25 cm2´C-1. Taking advantage of the large EC efficiency and electrochemical stability as well as the simplicity of the fabrication process, PANI/nc-TiO2 composite films can be used for preparation of electrochromic smart windows, in term of the large-area production in particular.
Keywords:
Electrochromic device, PANI/nc-TiO2, Electrochemical deposition, Cyclic voltammogram, Coloration efficiency
References
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[6] G. Beydaghyan, G. Bader, P. V. Ashrit, Electrochromic and Morphological Investigation of Dry-lithiated Nanostructured Tungsten Trioxide Thin Films, Thin Solid Films, Vol. 516, 2008, pp. 1646-1650, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2007.05.006.
[7] N. Thummarungsan, D. Pattavarakorn, Electrochromic Performances of Conductive Polyaniline Copolymer, Int. J. Chem. Eng. Appl., Vol. 5, 2014, pp. 176-180, https://doi.org/ 10.7763/IJCEA.2014.V5.373.
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[9] N. N. Dinh, N. M. Quyen, D. N. Chung, M. Zikova, V. V. Truong, Highly-efficient Electrochromic Performance
of Nanostructured TiO2 Films Made by Doctor Blade Technique, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, Vol. 95, 2011,
pp. 618-623, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2010.09.028.
[10] D. E. Stilwell, S. M. J. Park, Electrochemistry of Conductive Polymers II. Electrochemical Studies on Growth Properties of Polyaniline, J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 135, 1988, pp. 2254-2262, http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2096248.
[11] K. Y. Shen, C. W. Hu, L. C. Chang, K. C. Ho, A Complementary Electrochromic Device Based on Carbon Nanotubes/conducting Polymers, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, Vol. 98, 2012, pp. 294-299, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2011.11.020.
[12] T. Ohtsuka, M. Masud, N. Sato, Ellipsometric Study of Anodic Oxide Films on Titanium in Hydrochloric Acid, Sulfuric Acid, and Phosphate Solution, J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 132, 1985, pp. 787-795, https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2113958.
[13] N. N. Dinh, N. T. T. Oanh, P. D. Long, M. C. Bernard, A. Hugot-Le Goff, Electrochromic Properties of TiO2 Anatase Thin Films Prepared by Dipping Sol-gel Method, Thin Solid Films, Vol. 423, 2003, pp. 70-76, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6090(02)00948-3.
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[15] J. H. Kang, Y. J. Oh, S. M. Peak, S. J. Hwang, J. H. Choy, Electrochromic Device of PEDOT-PANI Hybrid System for Fast Response and High Optical Contrast, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, Vol. 93, 2009, pp. 2040-2044, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2009.08.007.