Enhanced Hard Magnetic Performance for MnBi Green Powders
Main Article Content
Abstract
Mn55Bi45 melt - spun ribbons were prepared by using the melt-spinning technique followed by annealing in Ar/5%H2 gas mixture. The in-situ formation of ferromagnetic phase (denoted as LTP) of MnBi was observed by the multi-section cycled Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) method. It was found that, the optimal annealing temperature range for forming MnBi LTP is 250 – 280 oC. The prolonging annealing time increases the content of MnBi LTP leading to the increase of saturation magnetization Ms but paid by the drop of the intrinsic coercivity iHc. The MnBi green powders were prepared by the Low Energy Ball Milling method (LEBM) in N2 liquid. The maximum energy product of MnBi green powders is estimated about 10.8 MGOe.
Keywords:
Melt-spun ribbons, microstructure, magnetic properties, saturation magnetization, MnBi green powders.
References
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[3] D. Kaihong, The Rare Earth Magnet Industry and Rare Earth Price in China, EPJ Web of Conferences, Vol. 75, 2014, 0400 5 (3 pages), https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20147504005.
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[5] J. M. D. Coey, New Permanent Magnets; Manganese Compounds, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter,
Vol. 26, No. 6, 2014, 064211 (6 pages), https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/26/6/064211.
[6] V. V. Nguyen, N. Poudyal, X. Liu, J. P. Liu, K. Sun, M. J. Kramer, J. Cui, High-Performance MnBi Alloy Prepared Using Profiled Heat Treatment, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 50, No. 12, 2014, pp 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2014.2341659.
[7] J. Cui, J. P. Choi, G. Li, E. Polikarpov, J. Darsell, N. Overman, M. Olszta, D. Schreiber, M. Bowden, T. Droubay, M. J. Kramer, N. A. Zarkevich, L. L. Wang, D. D. Johnson, M. Marinescu, I. Takeuchi, Q. Z. Huang, H. Wu,
H. Reeve, N. V. Vuong, J. P. Liu, Thermal Stability of MnBi Magnetic Materials, Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, Vol. 26, No. 6, 2014, 064212 (10 pages), https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/26/6/064212.
[8] J. Cui, J. P. Choi, E. Polikarpov, M. E. Bowden, W. Xie, G. Li, Z. Nie, N. Zarkevich, M. J. Kramer, D. Johnson, Effect of Composition and Heat Treatment on MnBi Magnetic Materials, Acta Materialia, Vol. 79, 2014,
pp. 374-381, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2014.07.034.
[9] C. S. Lakshmi, R. W. Smith, Structural and Magnetic Propertiesof Rapidly Quenched Bi-Mn Alloys, Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 133, 1991, pp. 241-244, https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(91)90060-Z.
[10] X. Guo, Z. Altounian, J. O. S. Olsen, Formation of MnBi Ferromagnetic Phases Through Crystallization of the Amorphous Phase, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 69, 1991, pp. 6067-6069, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.347771.
[11] K. Kang, L. H. Lewis, A. R. Moodenbaugh, Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of MnBi–Bi Nanocomposite, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 97, 2005, 10K302 (3 pages), https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1847058.
[12] X. Guo, X. Chen, Z. Altounian, J. O. S. Olsen, Magnetic Properties of MnBi Prepared By Rapid Solidification, Physical Review B, Vol. 46, No. 22, 1992, pp. 14578-14582, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.46.14578.
[13] Y. B. Yang, X. G. Chen, S. Guo, A. R. Yan, Q. Z. Huang, M. M. Wu, D. F. Chen, Y. C. Yang, J. B. Yang, Temperature Dependences of Structure and Coercivity for Melt-spun MnBi Compound, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 330, 2013, pp. 106-110, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2012.10.046.
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[15] S. Tetsuji, N. Ryuji, N. H. Daisuke, Magnetic Properties of Mn–Bi Melt-Spun Ribbons, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 349, 2014, pp. 9-14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2013.08.031.
[16] P. Kharel, V. R. Shah, R. Skomski, J. E. Shield, D. J. Sellmyer, Magnetism of MnBi-Based Nanomaterials, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 49, No. 7, 2013, pp. 3318-3321, https://doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2013.2245497.
[17] N. V. Vuong, N. X. Truong, Low Temperature Phase of the Rare-earth-free MnBi Magnetic Material, Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 54, No. 1A, 2016, pp. 50-57, https://doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/54/1A/11805.
[18] N. X. Truong, N. V. Vuong, Preparation and Magnetic Properties of MnBi Alloy and its Hybridization with NdFeB, Journal of Magnetics, Vol. 20, No. 4, 2015, pp. 336-341, https://doi.org/10.4283/JMAG.2015.20.4.336.
[19] H. Okamoto, Supplemental Literature Review of Binary Phase Diagrams: Ag-Co, Ag-Er, Ag-Pd, B-Ce, Bi-La, Bi-Mn, Cu-Ge, Cu-Tm, Er-Y, Gd-Tl, H-La, and Hg-Te, Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion, Vol. 36, 2015, pp. 10-21, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-014-0341-7.
[20] X. Guo, A. Zaluska, Z. Altounian, J. O. S. Olsen, The Formation of Single-Phase Equiatomic Mnbi by Rapid Solidification, Journal of Materials Research, Vol. 5, 1990, pp. 2646-2651, https://doi.org/10.1557/JMR.1990.2646.
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[22] S. Lu, S. Shuai, L. Chen, Z. Xiang, W. Lu, Effect of Mg Content on the Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Rare-earth-free MnBi Alloys, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 570, 2023, pp. 170499, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2023.170499.