Contribution of Axion-like Particle and Anomalous Couplings to Final State at Electron – Positron Collider
Main Article Content
Abstract
We investigate the effects of axion-like particle and anomalous triple gauge couplings in production, followed by the leptonic decay of the Z boson with the center – of – mass energy and the polarized initial beams. We consider the contribution of axion-like particle, photon, and Z boson propagators. We find the mass of axion like particle to enhance the cross-section in case of axion-like particle propagator. The results indicate that with the anomalous coupling , the cross-section is larger than that with the axion-like particle and photon propagators under the same conditions.
Keywords:
axion-like particle, anomalous couplings, final state.
References
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https://doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2022-0312.
[2] M. Bauer, M. Neubert, S. Renner, M. Schnubel, A. Thamm, Flavor Probes of Axion-Like Particles, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 09, 2022, pp. 056, https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep09(2022)056.
[3] S. Bao, Y. Ma, Y. Wu, K. Xie, H. Zhang, Light Axion-Like Particles at Future Lepton Colliders, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 10, 2025, 122, https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep10(2025)122.
[4] B. Döbrich, Axion-like Particles From Primakov Production in Beam-dumps, CERN Proceedings: Proceedings of the Photon’ 17 Conference, Vol. 1, 2018, 253, https://doi.org/10.23727/CERN-Proceedings-2018-001.253.
[5] L. Darmé, F. Giacchino, E. Nardi, M. Raggi, Invisible Decays of Axion-like Particles: Constraints and Prospects, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 06, 2021, pp. 009, https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep06(2021)009.
[6] P. Agrawal, M. Bauer, J. Beacham, A. Berlin, A. Boyarsky, S. Cebrian, X. Cid-Vidal, D. d’Enterria, A. De Roeck, M. Drewes et al., Feebly - Interacting Particles: FIPs 2020 Workshop Report, The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 81, 2021, pp. 1015, https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09703-7.
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[8] FCC Collaboration, FCC-ee: The Lepton Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 2, The European Physical Journal Special Topics, Vol. 228, 2019, pp. 261-263, https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2019-900045-4.
[9] F. An et al., Precision Higgs Physics at the CEPC, Chinese Physics C, Vol. 43, 2019, 043002, https:/doi.org/10.1088/1674-1137/43/4/043002.
[10] J. Gao et al., CEPC Technical Design Report: Accelerator, Radiation Detection Technology and Methods, Vol. 8, 2024, pp. 1-1105, https://doi.org/10.1007/s41605-024-00463-y.
[11] S. Knapen, T. Lin, H. K. Lou, T. Melia, Searching for Axion-Like Particles with Ultraperipheral Heavy-Ion Collisions, Physical Review Letters, Vol. 118, 2017, pp. 171801, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.171801.
[12] A. Hook, S. Kumar, Z. Liu, R. Sundrum, High Quality QCD Axion and the LHC, Physical Review Letters,
Vol. 124, 2020, pp. 221801, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.221801.
[13] J. Ebadi, S. Khatibi, M. M. Najafabadi, New Probes for Axion-Like Particles at Hadron Colliders, Physical Review D, Vol. 100, 2019, pp. 015016, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.015016.
[14] C.-X. Yue, M.-Z. Liu and Y.-C. Guo, Searching for axion-like particles at future ep colliders, Physical Review D, Vol. 100, 2019, 015020, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.100.015020.
[15] H. Wang, C. X. Yue, Y. C. Guo, X. J. Cheng, X. Y. Li, Prospects for Searching for Axion-like Particles at the CEPC, Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 49, No. 11, 2022, pp. 115002, https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/ac8f61.
[16] S. Blasi, F. Maltoni, A. Mariotti, K. Mimasu, D. Pagani, S. Tentori, Top-philic ALP phenomenology at the LHC: the elusive mass-window, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 06, 2024, pp. 077, https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2024)077.
[17] S. Bhattacharya, S. Jahedi, S. K. Manna, A. Sil, Probing ALP-portal Fermionic Dark Matter at the Colliders, arxiv. 2505.00478, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.00478.
[18] J. Jaeckel, M. Spannowsky, Probing MeV to 90 GeV Axion-like Particles with LEP and LHC, Physics Letters B, Vol. 753, 2016, pp. 482-487, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2015.12.037.
[19] C. X. Yue, S. Yang, H. Wang, N. Zhang, Prospects for Detecting Axionlike Particles Via the Decay at Future Z Factories, Physical Review D, Vol. 105, 2022, pp. 115027, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.105.115027.
[20] M. Bauer, M. Neubert, A. Thamm, Collider Probes of Axion-Like Particles, Journal of High Energy Physics,
Vol. 12 , 2017, pp. 044, https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2017)044.
[21] Z. Y. An, C. X. Yue, Z. C. Liu, Axion-like Particles and the Higgs Decays and , Chinese Physics Letters, Vol. 35, No. 6, 2018, pp. 061401, https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307X/35/6/061401.
[22] S. Y. Li, Z. Y. Li, P. C. Lu, Z. G. Si, Precise Evaluation of and Axion-like Particle Production, Chinese Physics C, Vol. 45, 2021, pp. 093105, https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1137/ac0c0d.
[23] CMS collaboration, Search for Low-mass Dilepton Resonances in Higgs Boson Decays To Four-Lepton Final States in Proton–Proton Collisions at TeV, The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 82, 2022, pp. 290, https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10127-0.
[24] H. Davoudiasl, R. Marcarelli, N. Miesch, E. T. Neil, Searching for Flavor-violating ALPs in Higgs Boson Decays, Physical Review D, Vol. 104, 2021, pp. 055022, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.055022.
[25] V. Ari, E. Gurkani, M. Koksal, A. G. Rodriguez, M. A. H. Ruiz, Study of the Projected Sensitivity on the Anomalous Quartic Gauge Couplings via Production at the CLIC, Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 989, 2023, pp. 116133, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2023.116133.
[26] J. Ellis, S. F. Ge, H. J. He, R. Q. Xiao, Probing the Scale of New Physics in the Coupling at Colliders, Chinese Physics C, Vol. 44, 2020, pp. 063106, https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1137/44/6/063106.
[27] J. Ellis, H J. He, R Q. Xiao, Probing Neutral Triple Gauge Couplings at the LHC and Future Hadron Colliders, Physical Review D, Vol. 107, 2023, pp. 035005, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.107.035005.
[28] A. Subba, R. K. Singh, Sensitivity of Polarizations and Spin Correlations of Z Boson to Anomalous Neutral Triple Gauge Couplings at Lepton Collider with Polarized Beams, Physical Review D, Vol. 109, 2024,
pp. 055047, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.109.055047.
[29] A. Biekotter, K. Mimasu, Axions and Axion-Like Particles: Collider Searches, arXiv: 2508.19358.
[30] S. Chenarani, M. M. Najafabadi, Concurrent Exploration of Axion-like Particle Interactions with Gauge Bosons at the LHC, Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 1018, 2025, pp. 116969, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2025.116969.
[31] F. A. Aragon, J. Quevillon, C. Smith, Axion-like ALPs, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 03, 2023, pp. 134, https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2023)134.
[32] R. Rahaman, R. K. Singh, On Polarization Parameters of Spin-1 Particles and Anomalous Couplings in The European Physical Journal C, Vol. 76, 2016, pp. 539, https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4374-4.
[33] S. Spor, Probe of the Anomalous Neutral Triple Gauge Couplings in Photon-induced Collision at Future Muon Colliders, Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 991, 2023, pp. 116198, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2023.116198.
[34] S. Jahedi, Optimal Estimation of Dimension-8 Neutral Triple Gauge Couplings at the Colliders, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol.12, 2023, pp. 031, https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP12(2023)031.
[35] S. Jahedi, J. Lahiri, Probing Anomalous and Couplings at the Colliders Using Optimal Observable Technique, Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 04, 2023, pp. 85, https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP04(2023)085.
[36] S. Spor, E. Gurkanli, M. Koksal, Search for the Anomalous and Couplings via Production at the CLIC, Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 979, 2022, pp. 115785, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2022.115785.
[37] A. Adhikary, D. K. Ghosh, S. Jeesun, S. Roy, ALP and Boson at the Electron-Ion Collider, arxiv. 2601.04962.
[38] S. Spor, M. Koksal, Investigation of Anomalous Triple Gauge Couplings in Collision at Multi-TeV Muon Colliders, Canadian Journal of Physics, Vol. 101, No. 10, 2023, pp. 549-559,
https://doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2022-0312.