Motivation to Speak Up of Students. Case Study: Three High Schools in District 7, Ho Chi Minh City
Main Article Content
Abstract
One of the orientations of the Vietnam general curriculum 2018 is “to create a friendly environment and challenging situations in order to encourage students’ participation in learning activities” [1]. However, in Vietnam, the passiveness of students in classrooms are common whilst teachers are the main source of knowledge and students rarely speak up [2]. This article investigates the motivation to speak up in class of 347 students in two types of high schools: public school and private school in District 7, Ho Chi Minh City by using qualitative approach. The main purpose is to examine the reality, causes and motivation to speak up and propose feasible measures to improve this issue and aim for effective implementation of the general curriculum 2018.
Keywords:
Motivation, speak up, high school students, teachers.
References
[1] MOET, Ministry of Education and Training Announced New General Curriculum,
https://moet.gov.vn/tintuc/Pages/tin-hoat-dong-cua-bo.aspx?ItemID=5755/, 2018 (accessed on: May 19th, 2021) (in Vietnamese).
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https://moet.gov.vn/tintuc/Pages/doi-moi-can-ban-toan-dien-gd-va-dt.aspx?ItemID=3928, 2013 (accessed on: May 19th, 2021) (in Vietnamese).
[6] M. Y. Abdullah, N. R. A. Bakar, M. H. Mahbob, Students’ Participation in Classroom: What Motivates Them to Speak up?, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 5, 2012, pp. 516-522.
[7] D. H. Smith, Encouraging Students’ Participation in Large Classes: A Modest Proposal, Teaching Sociology, Vol. 20, No. 4, 1992, pp. 337-339.
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https://www.economicsnetwork.ac.uk/showcase/chuah_international/, 2010 (accessed on: February 4th, 2021).
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[10] C. Y. Raymond, T. Choon, Understanding Asian Students Learning Styles, Cutural Influence and Learning Strategies, Journal of Education & Social Policy, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2017, pp. 194-210.
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[12] A. H. Maslow, A Theory of Human Motivation, Psychological Review, Vol. 50, No. 4, 1943, pp. 370-396,
https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346.
[13] K. P. Thierry, T. Gilles, What Type of Motivation is Truly Related to School Acievement? A Look at 1428 High-School Students, Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, 1995, pp. 1-17, https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED391783 (accessed on: June 5th, 2021).
[14] A. Strauss, J. Corbin, Basics of Qualitative Research-Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory, Sage, London, 1998.
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https://www.cdc.gov/parents/essentials/consequences/rewards.html 2019 (accessed on: February
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[17] F. Aziz, U. Quraishi, A. S. Kazi, Factors behind Classroom Participation of Secondary School Students (A Gender Based Analysis), Universal Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 6, No. 2, 2018, pp. 211-217.
[18] S. M. Mustapha, N. S. N. A. Rahman, M. M. Yunus, Factors Influencing Classroom Participation: A Case Study of Malaysian Undergraduate Students, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 9, 2010, pp.1079-1084, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.12.289
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[20] A. M. Ryan, H. Patrick, The Classroom Social Environment and Changes in Adolescents’ Motivation and Engagement During Middle School, American Educational Research Journal, Vol. 38, No. 2, 2001, pp. 437-460,
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3202465h(accessed: February 24th, 2021).
[21] R. Cózar-Gutierrez, J. M. Saez-Lopez, Game-based Learning and Gamification in Initial Teacher Training in the Social Sciences: an Experiment with MinecraftEdu, International Journal of Education Technology in
Higher Education, Vol. 13, No. 2, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-016-0003-4.
https://moet.gov.vn/tintuc/Pages/tin-hoat-dong-cua-bo.aspx?ItemID=5755/, 2018 (accessed on: May 19th, 2021) (in Vietnamese).
[2] T. T. Tran, The Causes of Passiveness in Learning of Vietnamese Students, VNU Journal of Education Research, Vol. 29, No. 2, 2013, pp.75-78.
[3] ETEP, Ministry of Education and Training Officially Announced General Education Currirulum, https://etep.moet.gov.vn/tintuc/chitiet?Id=847/, 2018 (accessed on: May 19th, 2021) (in Vietnamese).
[4] ETEP, Introduction of Training Modules for New General Education Programme for Teachers in period 2019-2020, https://etep.moet.gov.vn/tintuc/chitiet?Id=1266/, 2020 (accessed on: May 19th, 2021) (in Vietnamese).
[5] T. P. Nguyen, 9th Resolution of Central Conference Number 8,
https://moet.gov.vn/tintuc/Pages/doi-moi-can-ban-toan-dien-gd-va-dt.aspx?ItemID=3928, 2013 (accessed on: May 19th, 2021) (in Vietnamese).
[6] M. Y. Abdullah, N. R. A. Bakar, M. H. Mahbob, Students’ Participation in Classroom: What Motivates Them to Speak up?, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 5, 2012, pp. 516-522.
[7] D. H. Smith, Encouraging Students’ Participation in Large Classes: A Modest Proposal, Teaching Sociology, Vol. 20, No. 4, 1992, pp. 337-339.
[8] C. Swee-Hoon, Teaching East-Asian Students: Some Observations, The Economics Network,
https://www.economicsnetwork.ac.uk/showcase/chuah_international/, 2010 (accessed on: February 4th, 2021).
[9] S. Majid, C. W. Yeow, S. Y. Audrey, L. R. Shyong, Enriching Learning Experience through Class Participation: A Student’s Perspective, Wee Kim Wee School of Communication & Information. Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 2010.
[10] C. Y. Raymond, T. Choon, Understanding Asian Students Learning Styles, Cutural Influence and Learning Strategies, Journal of Education & Social Policy, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2017, pp. 194-210.
[11] L. H. Anderman, V, S. Leake, The ABC’s of Motivation: An Alternative Framework for Teaching Preservice Teacher about Motivation, The Relevance of Educational Psychology to Teacher Education, Vol. 78, No. 5, 2006, pp.192-196, https://www.jstor.org/stable/30189907 (accessed on: June 6th, 2021).
[12] A. H. Maslow, A Theory of Human Motivation, Psychological Review, Vol. 50, No. 4, 1943, pp. 370-396,
https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346.
[13] K. P. Thierry, T. Gilles, What Type of Motivation is Truly Related to School Acievement? A Look at 1428 High-School Students, Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, 1995, pp. 1-17, https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED391783 (accessed on: June 5th, 2021).
[14] A. Strauss, J. Corbin, Basics of Qualitative Research-Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory, Sage, London, 1998.
[15] D. T. Nguyen, Research Method in Business Textbook, Finance Publisher, Ho Chi Minh City, 2013 (in Vietnamese).
[16] CDC-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, How to Use Reward,
https://www.cdc.gov/parents/essentials/consequences/rewards.html 2019 (accessed on: February
24th, 2021).
[17] F. Aziz, U. Quraishi, A. S. Kazi, Factors behind Classroom Participation of Secondary School Students (A Gender Based Analysis), Universal Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 6, No. 2, 2018, pp. 211-217.
[18] S. M. Mustapha, N. S. N. A. Rahman, M. M. Yunus, Factors Influencing Classroom Participation: A Case Study of Malaysian Undergraduate Students, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 9, 2010, pp.1079-1084, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.12.289
[19] R. Henderson, The Science Behind Why People Follow the Crowd, Psychology Today,
https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/after-service/201705/the-science-behind-why-people-follow-the-crowd 2017 (accessed on: February 25th, 2021).
[20] A. M. Ryan, H. Patrick, The Classroom Social Environment and Changes in Adolescents’ Motivation and Engagement During Middle School, American Educational Research Journal, Vol. 38, No. 2, 2001, pp. 437-460,
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3202465h(accessed: February 24th, 2021).
[21] R. Cózar-Gutierrez, J. M. Saez-Lopez, Game-based Learning and Gamification in Initial Teacher Training in the Social Sciences: an Experiment with MinecraftEdu, International Journal of Education Technology in
Higher Education, Vol. 13, No. 2, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-016-0003-4.
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