Factors Affecting The Employee Motivation at Non-Public Universities in Ho Chi Minh City
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting the motivation of white-collar workers at non-public universities and to propose some solutions and human management perspectives with the aim of boosting employees' work motivation, productivity, and quality. This research used a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. Raw data was collected through a survey of 359 employees working at non-public universities in Ho Chi Minh City. The results of the study indicated 07 factors influencing employees' motivation, as listed statistically from the most crucial to the least influential: i) Salary, Bonus, and Welfare Policies (beta = 0,295); ii) Training activities and promotion (beta = 0,273); iii) Relationship with colleges (beta = 0,186); iv) Relationship with superior (beta = 0,185); v) Working condition (beta = 0,130); vi) Achievement Recognition (beta = 0,104); and vii) Working features (beta = 0,099).
Keywords:
Motivation, working motivation, non-public university, employee, human Resources.
References
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[2] S. P. Robbins, Organization Behavior Concepts Controvercies Application, 7th edition, Englewood Cliffs, 1998.
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[18] L. F. D. C. Guterresa, A. Armanu, R. Rofiaty, The Role of Work Motivation as a Mediator on the Influence of Education-Training and Leadership Style on Employee Performance, Management Science Letters, Vol. 10, No. 7, 2020, pp. 1497-1504, https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.12.017.
[19] T. T. Hong, A. Waheed, Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory and Job Satisfaction in the Malaysian Retail Sector, The Mediating Effect of Love of Money, Asian Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2011.
[20] A. S. Barzoki et al, An Analysis of Factors Affecting the Employees Motivation Based on Herzberg’s Hygiene Factors Theory, Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, Vol. 6, No. 8, 2012, pp. 115-123.
[21] T. T. D. Thuy, N. T. Phuong, Factors Affecting the Work Motivation of Employees at Joint Stock Commercial Banks Long Xuyen City, An Giang Province, Industry and Trade Magazine, 2021 (in Vietnamese).
[22] K. Kovach, What Motivates Employees Workers and Supervisors Give Different Answers, Business Horizons, Sept-Oct, 1987, pp. 58-65.
[23] J. R. Linder, Understanding Employee Motivation, Extension Journal, Inc, 1998.
[24] P. B. Warr, J. Cook, T. D. Wall, Scales for the Measurement of Some Work Attitudes and Aspects of Psychological Well-Being, Journal of Occupational Psychology, Vol. 52, 1979, pp. 129-148.
[25] T. M. Amabile, Motivational Synergy: Toward New Conceptualizations of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in the Workplace, Human Resource Management Review, Vol. 3, 1993, pp. 185-201.
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[2] S. P. Robbins, Organization Behavior Concepts Controvercies Application, 7th edition, Englewood Cliffs, 1998.
[3] R. Islam, A. Z. H. Ismail, Employee Motivation: A Malaysian Perspective, International Journal of Commerce & Management, Vol. 18, No. 4, 2008, pp. 344-362.
[4] F. Arman, Employees Motivation at Areco India Manufacturing Private Limited, The M. B. A Degree Course of Bangalore University, 2009.
[5] T. K. Dung, Human Resource Management, 10th Edition, Hanoi Financial Publishing House, 2018 (in Vietnamese).
[6] K. Kovach, Employee Motivation: Addressing a Crucial Factor in Your Organization’s Performance, Employment Relations Today, 1995, pp. 93-107.
[7] T. K. Dung, N. N. L. Vy, Employee Motivation Scale, Economic Development Journal, No. 244, 2011 (in Vietnamese).
[8] The National Assembly, Labor Code, No. 45/2019/QH14, 2019 (in Vietnamese).
[9] N. K. Diem, Human Resource Management Book, Labor and Social Publishing, 2010 (in Vietnamese).
[10] P. O. Yalokwu, Fundamentals of Management, 2nd Edition, African Center for Management and Education, Lagos, 2006.
[11] F. Hertzberg, The Motivation to Work, New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1959.
[12] V. H. Vroom, Work and Motivation, New York: Wiley, U. S. Department of Labor, Employment Standards Administration, Wage and Hours Division, 1964.
[13] L. Mullins, Organisational Behaviour, 4th Edition, Pearson Education, New York, 2007.
[14] N. T. Dung, N. T. Tri, N. T. Lua, Factors Affecting the Working Motivation of Office Workers at Metal Structures and Petroleum Machinery Installation Joint Stock Company - Vung Tau City, Journal of Scientific Research and Economic Development, Tay Do University, 2021 (in Vietnamese).
[15] P. T. H. Van, Factors Affecting the Working Motivation of Lecturers of Van Lang University, Journal of Economics and Forecasting, 2021, pp. 69-72 (in Vietnamese).
[16] T. D. Thao, Working Motivation of Lecturers in Non-Public Universities in Vietnam, University of Economics - Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 2018 (in Vietnamese).
[17] P. T. M. Ly, D. T. N. Nga, Factors Affecting the Working Motivation of University Lecturers at Universities in Ho Chi Minh City, Journal of Economics and Development, No. 223, 2015, pp. 90-99 (in Vietnamese).
[18] L. F. D. C. Guterresa, A. Armanu, R. Rofiaty, The Role of Work Motivation as a Mediator on the Influence of Education-Training and Leadership Style on Employee Performance, Management Science Letters, Vol. 10, No. 7, 2020, pp. 1497-1504, https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.12.017.
[19] T. T. Hong, A. Waheed, Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory and Job Satisfaction in the Malaysian Retail Sector, The Mediating Effect of Love of Money, Asian Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 16, No. 1, 2011.
[20] A. S. Barzoki et al, An Analysis of Factors Affecting the Employees Motivation Based on Herzberg’s Hygiene Factors Theory, Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, Vol. 6, No. 8, 2012, pp. 115-123.
[21] T. T. D. Thuy, N. T. Phuong, Factors Affecting the Work Motivation of Employees at Joint Stock Commercial Banks Long Xuyen City, An Giang Province, Industry and Trade Magazine, 2021 (in Vietnamese).
[22] K. Kovach, What Motivates Employees Workers and Supervisors Give Different Answers, Business Horizons, Sept-Oct, 1987, pp. 58-65.
[23] J. R. Linder, Understanding Employee Motivation, Extension Journal, Inc, 1998.
[24] P. B. Warr, J. Cook, T. D. Wall, Scales for the Measurement of Some Work Attitudes and Aspects of Psychological Well-Being, Journal of Occupational Psychology, Vol. 52, 1979, pp. 129-148.
[25] T. M. Amabile, Motivational Synergy: Toward New Conceptualizations of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in the Workplace, Human Resource Management Review, Vol. 3, 1993, pp. 185-201.
[26] B. G. Tabachnick, L. S. Fidell, Using Multivariate Statistics, 3rd ed, New York, NY: Harper Collins College Publishers, 1996.
[27] R. J. Harris, A Primer of Multivariate Statistics, New York: Academic Press, 1985.
[28] J. F. Hair and et al., Multivariate Data Analysis, 5th Edition, Prentice-Hall, 1998.
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